{"id":1442,"date":"2020-11-10T15:38:58","date_gmt":"2020-11-10T14:38:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/?p=1442"},"modified":"2020-12-02T20:10:09","modified_gmt":"2020-12-02T19:10:09","slug":"vysetrenie-trusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/?p=1442","title":{"rendered":"Vy\u0161etrenie trusu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Makroskopick\u00e1 diagnostika<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vzorky fek\u00e1li\u00ed vy\u0161etrujeme najprv makroskopicky, zis\u0165ujeme larvy, dospel\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1 nemat\u00f3dov, \u010dl\u00e1nky p\u00e1somn\u00edc, pr\u00edpadne ektoparazity. Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 patog\u00e9nnych organizmov v&nbsp;truse n\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee prezradi\u0165 aj jeho farba,&nbsp;konzistencia, popr\u00edpade krv alebo hlien nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faci sa v&nbsp;\u0148om. Pod\u013ea konkr\u00e9tneho vy\u0161etrenia zvol\u00edme \u010fal\u0161ie spracovanie trusu vhodnou met\u00f3dou na mikroskopick\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mikroskopick\u00e1 diagnostika<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><u>Nat\u00edvny prepar\u00e1t <\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nat\u00edvny prepar\u00e1t priprav\u00edme rozterom&nbsp;trusu o&nbsp;ve\u013ekosti obiln\u00e9ho zrna v&nbsp;kvapke vody alebo glycer\u00ednu. Pomocou nat\u00edvneho prepar\u00e1tu m\u00f4\u017eeme sledova\u0165 aj pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 r\u00f4znych pohybliv\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1di\u00ed bi\u010d\u00edkovcov, n\u00e1levn\u00edkov alebo me\u0148aviek. Identifikujeme ich na z\u00e1klade typick\u00e9ho pohybu, ve\u013ekosti, tvaru a povrchov\u00fdch \u0161trukt\u00far. Popr\u00edpade n\u00e1ter nech\u00e1me zaschn\u00fa\u0165 a&nbsp;n\u00e1sledne ho m\u00f4\u017eeme fixova\u0165 vo vhodnom \u010dinidle alebo sa farb\u00ed r\u00f4znymi farbivami.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><u>Perian\u00e1lny zo\u0161krab<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pou\u017e\u00edva sa na zistenie oxyuri\u00e1zy kon\u00ed a&nbsp;pasalur\u00f3zy kr\u00e1likov. Zo\u0161krab z&nbsp;ko\u017en\u00fdch perian\u00e1lnych rias a&nbsp;okolia anusu rob\u00edme pomocou tupej drevenej lopatky alebo ly\u017ei\u010dky. Ak sa pom\u00f4cky pred pou\u017eit\u00edm zvlh\u010dia zmesou glycer\u00ednu a&nbsp;vody, vaj\u00ed\u010dka sa lep\u0161ie prilepia. Z\u00edskan\u00fd zo\u0161krab rozotrieme na podlo\u017enom skl\u00ed\u010dku v&nbsp;kvapke glycer\u00ednu, prikryjeme kryc\u00edm skl\u00ed\u010dkom a&nbsp;vy\u0161etrujeme pod mikroskopom.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><u>Zlep<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vyu\u017e\u00edvame v&nbsp;hum\u00e1nnej medic\u00edne na diagnostiku enterobi\u00f3zy. Lepiacu p\u00e1sku prilep\u00edme na okolie kone\u010dn\u00edka, po odlepen\u00ed od ko\u017ee prilo\u017e\u00edme&nbsp;lepiacu p\u00e1sku na podlo\u017en\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko a vy\u0161etrujeme pod mikroskopom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kvantitat\u00edvne koncentra\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy vy\u0161etrenia fek\u00e1li\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tieto met\u00f3dy sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na zistenie intenzity infekcie ako aj na zistenie efekt\u00edvnosti niektor\u00fdch antihelmint\u00edk resp. antiprotozo\u00edk. Ur\u010dujeme po\u010det z\u00e1rodkov (ooc\u00fdst, vaj\u00ed\u010dok alebo lariev) v&nbsp;presnom mno\u017estve fek\u00e1li\u00ed, zvy\u010dajne v&nbsp;jednom grame.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>McMasterova kvantitat\u00edvna met\u00f3da:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Odv\u00e1\u017eime 3 g trusu, prid\u00e1me 42 ml vody, rozmie\u0161ame na suspenziu a&nbsp;prefiltrujeme cez sitko do kadi\u010dky. Filtr\u00e1tom napln\u00edme centrifuga\u010dn\u00fa sk\u00famavku s&nbsp;objemom 15 ml a&nbsp;rovn\u00fdm dnom. Vzorku centrifugujeme pri 2000 ot.\/min po dobu dvoch min\u00fat. Supernatant zlejeme a&nbsp;k&nbsp;sedimentu prid\u00e1me flota\u010dn\u00fd roztok do p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho objemu, t.j. 15 ml. Sediment s&nbsp;flota\u010dn\u00fdm roztokom dobre premie\u0161ame a&nbsp;Pasteurovou pipetou napln\u00edme po\u010d\u00edtacie pol\u00ed\u010dka McMasterovej kom\u00f4rky.&nbsp; Pod mikroskopom spo\u010d\u00edtame oocysty, vaj\u00ed\u010dka alebo larvy jednotliv\u00fdch druhov parazitov a&nbsp;zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vyjadr\u00edme ich po\u010det v&nbsp;1 g trusuj\u00fa v&nbsp;jednom alebo&nbsp;oboch pol\u00ed\u010dkach a&nbsp;prepo\u010d\u00edtava sa na 1g trusu.<\/p>\n<p>Po\u010det v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ako 1000 na 1g poukazuje na siln\u00fa infekciu, po\u010det okolo 500 na 1g na stredne siln\u00fa infekciu, ak je n\u00edzky po\u010det vaj\u00ed\u010dok, nemus\u00ed to znamena\u0165 len slab\u00fa infekciu ale aj za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00facu infekciu alebo vyv\u00edjaj\u00facu sa imunitu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0160peci\u00e1lne koprologick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy \u2013 farbiace met\u00f3dy<\/strong> &#8211; sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na diagnostiku c\u00fdst a&nbsp;trofozoitov protozo\u00ed, a&nbsp;tie\u017e m\u00e1lo kontrastn\u00fdch vaj\u00ed\u010dok a&nbsp;lariev helmintov:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hrub\u00fd n\u00e1ter trusu ofarben\u00fd pod\u013ea Kato \u2013 vyu\u017e\u00edva roztok malachitovej zelene<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1ter trusu ofarben\u00fd karbolfuchs\u00ednom \u2013 diagnostika kryptospor\u00eddi\u00ed (oocysty sa javia ako svetloru\u017eov\u00e9 \u00fatvary na kontrastnom tmavo ru\u017eovo-\u010dervenom pozad\u00ed prepar\u00e1tu<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1ter trusu ofarben\u00fd pod\u013ea Ziehl-Nielsena &#8211; diagnostika kryptospor\u00eddi\u00ed (oocysty sa javia ako v\u00fdrazne \u010dervenkast\u00e9 subsf\u00e9rick\u00e9 \u00fatvary na svetlo zelenom pozad\u00ed prepar\u00e1tu<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1ter trusu ofarben\u00fd pod\u013ea Kinyouna &#8211; diagnostika kryptospor\u00eddi\u00ed (oocysty sa javia ako \u010dervenkast\u00e9 subsf\u00e9rick\u00e9 \u00fatvary na svetlo modrom pozad\u00ed prepar\u00e1tu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Kultiva\u010dn\u00e9 larvoskopick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/strong> \u2013 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sa na diagnostiku lariev nemat\u00f3dov tr\u00e1viaceho traktu pre\u017e\u00favavcov a&nbsp;kon\u00ed; infek\u010dn\u00e9 larvy tretieho \u0161t\u00e1dia L<sub>3<\/sub> gastrointestin\u00e1lnych \u010dervov z&nbsp;triedy Nematoda sa z\u00edskavaj\u00fa z&nbsp;koprokult\u00far. Presn\u00fa diagnostiku lariev (L<sub>3<\/sub>) rob\u00edme pod\u013ea vytvorenej kutikuly, po\u010dtu \u010drevn\u00fdch buniek a&nbsp;d\u013a\u017eky chvostov\u00e9ho konca lariev. Mus\u00ed urobi\u0165 do 7 dn\u00ed od kultiv\u00e1cie, preto\u017ee po tomto \u010dase str\u00e1caj\u00fa jemn\u00e9 kont\u00fary, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 na ich ur\u010dovanie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kvalitat\u00edvne koncentra\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy vy\u0161etrenia fek\u00e1li\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fdmito met\u00f3dami skoncentrujeme propaga\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1 (vaj\u00ed\u010dka helmintov a&nbsp;oocysty protozo\u00ed) bu\u010f flot\u00e1ciou na povrchu tekutiny alebo na dne sk\u00famavky. Tieto met\u00f3dy s\u00fa presnej\u0161ie v&nbsp;porovnan\u00ed s&nbsp;priamym mikroskopick\u00fdm vy\u0161etren\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Flota\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Princ\u00edpom tejto met\u00f3dy je rozdielna \u0161pecifick\u00e1 hmotnos\u0165 vaj\u00ed\u010dok a&nbsp;flota\u010dn\u00e9ho roztoku. Vaj\u00ed\u010dka s&nbsp;ni\u017e\u0161ou \u0161pecifickou hmotnos\u0165ou vyflotuj\u00fa na povrch flota\u010dn\u00e9ho roztoku. Na diagnostiku sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa roztoky so \u0161pecifickou hmotnos\u0165ou v&nbsp;rozp\u00e4t\u00ed 1,10 \u2013 1,30 ur\u010den\u00e9 pre cysty protozo\u00ed a&nbsp;vaj\u00ed\u010dka nemat\u00f3d a&nbsp;cest\u00f3d. Vaj\u00ed\u010dka tremat\u00f3d s\u00fa \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie a&nbsp;na ich vyflotovanie sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa <u>flota\u010dn\u00e9 roztoky <\/u>s&nbsp;vy\u0161\u0161ou \u0161pecifickou hmotnos\u0165ou 1,30 a\u017e 1,35.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Flota\u010dn\u00fd roztok Koz\u00e1k-M\u00e1grovej<\/strong> &#8211; nas\u00fdten\u00fd roztok MgSO<sub>4<\/sub>, NaCl a glycer\u00ednu (\u0161p. hm. 1,24)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1:&nbsp;<\/strong>m\u00e4so\u017eravce (psy, ma\u010dky a in\u00e9), vt\u00e1ky<strong>&nbsp; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Diagnostikovan\u00e9 parazity:<\/strong>&nbsp;vaj\u00ed\u010dka a&nbsp;larvy helmintov; protozoa<\/p>\n<p><strong>Postup:<\/strong> 3g trusu roztrieme s&nbsp;20 ml H\u2082O v trecej miske na homog\u00e9nnu suspenziu, prefiltrujeme cez sitko do kadi\u010dky a filtr\u00e1t prelejeme do centrifuga\u010dnej sk\u00famavky asi 1cm pod okraj, centrifugujeme 2 min\u00faty pri 2500 ot.\/min., supernatant zlejeme a&nbsp;k&nbsp;sedimentu prid\u00e1me flota\u010dn\u00fd roztok Koz\u00e1k-M\u00e1grovej do 1\/3 v\u00fd\u0161ky centrifuga\u010dnej sk\u00famavky,&nbsp;premie\u0161ame kovovou ty\u010dinkou a centrifugujeme 2 min\u00faty pri 2500 ot.\/min.; Parazitologickou k\u013eu\u010dkou odoberieme z&nbsp;povrchov\u00e9ho prstenca kvapaliny postupne <u>tri kvapky pod sebou alebo ved\u013ea seba na podlo\u017en\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko<\/u>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Flota\u010dn\u00fd Brezov roztok<\/strong> &#8211; nas\u00fdten\u00fd roztok MgSO<sub>4<\/sub>,&nbsp;NaS<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>3 <\/sub>a vody<sub>&nbsp; <\/sub>(\u0161p. hm. 1,30)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1:<\/strong>&nbsp;kone, pre\u017e\u00favavce \u2013 mal\u00e9 ( kozy, ovce) a&nbsp;ve\u013ek\u00e9 (hov\u00e4dz\u00ed dobytok a&nbsp;vysok\u00e1 lesn\u00e1 zver), plazy, svine (prasa a&nbsp;diviak), hlodavce, zajace a&nbsp;kr\u00e1liky<\/p>\n<p><strong>Diagnostikovan\u00e9 parazity:&nbsp; <\/strong>vaj\u00ed\u010dka a&nbsp;larvy helmintov; protozoa<\/p>\n<p><strong>Postup:<\/strong> 3g trusu roztrieme s&nbsp;20 ml H\u2082O v trecej miske na homog\u00e9nnu suspenziu, prefiltrujeme cez sitko do kadi\u010dky a filtr\u00e1t prelejeme do centrifuga\u010dnej sk\u00famavky asi 1cm pod okraj, centrifugujeme 2 min\u00faty pri 2500 ot.\/min., supernatant zlejeme a&nbsp;k&nbsp;sedimentu prid\u00e1me flota\u010dn\u00fd Brezov roztok do 1\/3 v\u00fd\u0161ky centrifuga\u010dnej sk\u00famavky,&nbsp;premie\u0161ame kovovou ty\u010dinkou a centrifugujeme 2 min\u00faty pri 2500 ot.\/min.; Parazitologickou k\u013eu\u010dkou odoberieme z&nbsp;povrchu kvapaliny postupne <u>tri kvapky pod sebou alebo ved\u013ea seba na podlo\u017en\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko<\/u>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Flota\u010dn\u00fd Faustov roztok &#8211;<\/strong> nas\u00fdten\u00fd roztok ZnSO<sub>4<\/sub> (\u0161p. hm. 1,18)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1:<\/strong>&nbsp;m\u00e4so\u017eravce (psy, ma\u010dky a in\u00e9)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Diagnostikovan\u00e9 parazity:&nbsp; <\/strong>protozoa \u2013 <em>Giardia<\/em> spp.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Postup:<\/strong> 3g trusu roztrieme s&nbsp;20 ml H\u2082O v trecej miske na homog\u00e9nnu suspenziu, prefiltrujeme cez sitko do kadi\u010dky a filtr\u00e1t prelejeme do centrifuga\u010dnej sk\u00famavky asi 1cm pod okraj, centrifugujeme 2 min\u00faty pri 2500 ot.\/min., supernatant zlejeme a&nbsp;k&nbsp;sedimentu prid\u00e1me flota\u010dn\u00fd Faustov roztok do 1\/3 v\u00fd\u0161ky centrifuga\u010dnej sk\u00famavky,&nbsp;premie\u0161ame kovovou ty\u010dinkou a centrifugujeme 2 min\u00faty pri 2500 ot.\/min.; Parazitologickou k\u013eu\u010dkou odoberieme z&nbsp;povrchu kvapaliny postupne <u>tri kvapky do tvaru trojuholn\u00edka na podlo\u017en\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko a&nbsp;prikryjeme kryc\u00edm skl\u00ed\u010dkom<\/u>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.&nbsp; Sedimenta\u010dn\u00e1 met\u00f3da<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Princ\u00edpom sedimenta\u010dn\u00fdch met\u00f3d je r\u00fdchle klesanie \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch vaj\u00ed\u010dok (Trematoda,&nbsp;Acanthocephala) na dno sedimenta\u010dnej n\u00e1doby v&nbsp;tekutine, ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 ni\u017e\u0161iu \u0161pecifick\u00fa hmotnos\u0165 (napr. voda).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1:<\/strong>&nbsp;vt\u00e1ky dravce, pre\u017e\u00favavce \u2013 mal\u00e9 (kozy, ovce) a&nbsp;ve\u013ek\u00e9 (hov\u00e4dz\u00ed dobytok a&nbsp;vysok\u00e1 lesn\u00e1 zver)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Diagnostikovan\u00e9 parazity:&nbsp;<\/strong>vaj\u00ed\u010dka helmintov<\/p>\n<p><strong>Postup:<\/strong> 3g trusu roztrieme s&nbsp;20 ml H\u2082O v trecej miske na homog\u00e9nnu suspenziu, prefiltrujeme cez sitko do 100 ml sedimenta\u010dnej n\u00e1doby (kadi\u010dky), k&nbsp;filtr\u00e1tu dolejeme vodu a\u017e po okraj n\u00e1doby a&nbsp;nech\u00e1me sedimentova\u0165 asi 10 min\u00fat. Supernatant opatrne vylejeme do v\u00fdlevky a&nbsp;k&nbsp;sedimentu do n\u00e1dobky znova prilejeme vodu, opakujeme a\u017e k\u00fdm nez\u00edskame \u010dist\u00fd supernatant. Po poslednom vyliat\u00ed supernatantu n\u00e1m ostane sediment s&nbsp;trochou vody, ktor\u00fd kruhovit\u00fdm pohybom mierne zamie\u0161ame, vylejeme na hodinov\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko a&nbsp;vy\u0161etrujeme pod mikroskopom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Larvoskopick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1to met\u00f3da sa vyu\u017e\u00edva najm\u00e4 na diagnostiku lariev p\u013e\u00facnych \u010dervov (pre\u017e\u00favavcov, kon\u00ed, m\u00e4so\u017eravcov a&nbsp;kr\u00e1likov) a&nbsp;nemat\u00f3dov tr\u00e1viaceho traktu. Trus na vy\u0161etrenie mus\u00ed by\u0165 \u010derstv\u00fd. Larvoskopick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa fenom\u00e9n termo a&nbsp;hydro tropizmu, t.j. akt\u00edvnej migr\u00e1cie larvi\u010diek z&nbsp;pevn\u00e9ho chladn\u00e9ho, alebo vysychaj\u00faceho prostredia do teplej\u0161ieho a&nbsp;vlhk\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1:<\/strong>&nbsp;m\u00e4so\u017eravce (psy, ma\u010dky a&nbsp;in\u00e9), pre\u017e\u00favavce \u2013 mal\u00e9 (kozy, ovce) a&nbsp;ve\u013ek\u00e9 pre\u017e\u00favavce (hov\u00e4dz\u00ed dobytok a&nbsp;vysok\u00e1 lesn\u00e1 zver), kone, kr\u00e1liky<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vy\u0161etrovan\u00e9 parazity:&nbsp;<\/strong>p\u013e\u00facne \u010dervy helmintov<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vajdova larvoskopick\u00e1 met\u00f3da &#8211; <\/strong>sa pou\u017e\u00edva na vy\u0161etrenie formovan\u00e9ho trusu oviec, k\u00f4z, srn\u010dej a&nbsp;danielej zveri, kr\u00e1likov a&nbsp;pod.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Postup:<\/strong> na hodinov\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko polo\u017e\u00edme mal\u00e9 sitko s&nbsp;g\u00e1zou a k\u00faskami formovan\u00e9ho trusu, ktor\u00fd podlejeme asi 40 \u00b0C vodou tak, aby tretina trusu nebola pod vodou, a&nbsp;nech\u00e1me st\u00e1\u0165 asi 15 min\u00fat. Po uplynut\u00ed tejto doby sitko s&nbsp;trusom odstr\u00e1nime a&nbsp;vzorku s&nbsp;hodinov\u00fdm skl\u00ed\u010dkom vy\u0161etrujeme pod mikroskopom.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Baermanova larvoskopick\u00e1 met\u00f3da<\/strong> &#8211; pou\u017e\u00edva sa na vy\u0161etrenie fek\u00e1li\u00ed napr. hov\u00e4dzieho dobytka, kon\u00ed, m\u00e4so\u017eravcov<\/p>\n<p><strong>Postup:<\/strong> Pou\u017eijeme jednoduch\u00fa aparat\u00faru zlo\u017een\u00fa zo stojana s&nbsp;dr\u017eiakom na sklenen\u00fd lievik a&nbsp;na jeho koniec upevn\u00edme 10-15 cm dlh\u00e1 gumen\u00fa hadi\u010dku, jej vo\u013en\u00fd koniec fixujeme tla\u010dkou. Pod hadi\u010dku polo\u017e\u00edme hodinov\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko. Do lievika polo\u017e\u00edme sitko a&nbsp;10-20 g trusu zabalen\u00e9ho do g\u00e1zy. Po sten\u00e1ch lievika nalejeme 40 \u00b0C tepl\u00fa vodu tak, aby jej hladina nepresahovala stred vzorky. Nech\u00e1me sta\u0165 16-20 hod\u00edn po\u010das ktor\u00fdch larvi\u010dky migruj\u00fa do teplej vody a&nbsp;vlastnou hmotnos\u0165ou klesaj\u00fa nad tla\u010dku v&nbsp;gumenej hadi\u010dke. Po uplynut\u00ed danej doby uvo\u013en\u00edme tla\u010dku a&nbsp;zachyt\u00edme nieko\u013eko ml na hodinov\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko a&nbsp;prezer\u00e1me pod mikroskopom.<\/p>\n<p>Pridan\u00edm kvapky Lugolovho roztoku pohybliv\u00e9 a \u017eiv\u00e9 larvi\u010dky usmrt\u00edme, m\u00f4\u017eeme prenies\u0165 pipetou na podlo\u017en\u00e9 skl\u00ed\u010dko a&nbsp;presne diagnostikova\u0165.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Makroskopick\u00e1 diagnostika Vzorky fek\u00e1li\u00ed vy\u0161etrujeme najprv makroskopicky, zis\u0165ujeme larvy, dospel\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1 nemat\u00f3dov, \u010dl\u00e1nky p\u00e1somn\u00edc, pr\u00edpadne ektoparazity. Pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 patog\u00e9nnych organizmov v&nbsp;truse n\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017ee prezradi\u0165 aj jeho farba,&nbsp;konzistencia, popr\u00edpade krv alebo hlien nach\u00e1dzaj\u00faci sa v&nbsp;\u0148om. Pod\u013ea konkr\u00e9tneho vy\u0161etrenia zvol\u00edme \u010fal\u0161ie spracovanie trusu vhodnou met\u00f3dou na mikroskopick\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie. Mikroskopick\u00e1 diagnostika Nat\u00edvny prepar\u00e1t Nat\u00edvny prepar\u00e1t priprav\u00edme rozterom&nbsp;trusu o&nbsp;ve\u013ekosti obiln\u00e9ho&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1442"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1578,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442\/revisions\/1578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlas-parazitov.uvlf.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}